Utilitarianism in Crime and Punishment Essay - 1874 Words

Utilitarianism in Crime and Punishment Raskolnikovs mathematical evaluation of the moral dilemma presented to him in Dostoevskys Crime and Punishment exemplifies the empirical view of utilitarianism. Utilitarianism attempts to distinguish between right and wrong by measuring a decision based on its calculated worth. Raskolnikov appears to employ the fundamentals of utilitarianism by pitting the negative consequences of murdering his old landlady against the positive benefits that her money would bestow onto society. However, a true follower of utilitarianism would be outraged at Raskolnikovs claim that murdering the old woman can be considered morally right. Raskolnikov arbitrarily†¦show more content†¦Employing the utilitarian principle, I would have to weigh each option and then decide which one has consequences at least as good as or better than any of the other options possible. But, what standard do I use to gauge the consequences in order to choose the best alternative? The theory of right action does not stand alone as the only condition for ethical evaluations. To measure the given alternatives, I would have to apply the theory of value. The theory of value bases itself on the premise that pleasure is the only thing valuable in itself and as an end. Mill clearly states, that all desirable things are desirable either for pleasure inherent in themselves or as means to the promotion of pleasure and the prevention of pain . In my moral dilemma, I had to take each alternative and calculate the total amount of pleasure that each would produce, minus the total amount of pain each alternative would induce. So while not doing the paper might give me the most amount of immediate pleasure, the pain that I would incur upon receiving an F in my class would greatly reduce the amount of net pleasure. On the other hand, I might experience some pain (due to boredom, frustration, etc.) from writing the paper. However, this amountShow MoreRelatedUtilitarianism In Dostoevskys Crime And Punishment770 Words   |  4 PagesIn the novel Crime and Punishment the main characters Raskolnikov, Svid, and Sonya embody different philosophies. Throughout the novel you can tell which philosophies Dostoevsky likes and dislikes depending on the character. Sonya represents religion, Raskolnikov represents utilitarianism, and Svid represents a utilitarian hedonist. Throughout this novel these characters help to describe the psychology of a criminal and paint the path between crime and punishment. This novel is told almost entirelyRead MoreMorality And Its Effect On Society1196 Words   |  5 Pagescan prove that punishment is moral because it will reduce crime, it will give satisfaction to society, and it will deter other potential offenders. Punishment involves the deliberate infliction of suffering on an offender for a violation they caused such as a crime they did. Since punishment involves inflicting a pain or suffering to a criminal similar to an offender inflicts pain on his victim, it has generally been agreed that punishment requires moral justification. Utilitarianism determines goodRead MoreEthical Treatment Of Prisoners811 Words   |  3 Pagesethical treatment of prisoners, one is forced to decide what is right and what is wrong, not only for the prisoners involved, but for society in general. One theory of punishment is called the utilitarian philosophy, and generally assumes that whatever is best for society in general is the best course of action. The idea of utilitarianism, when applied to the criminal justice system can benefit those involved because what is best for society is an ethical question, one that must be answered within theRead MoreThe Dilemma Of The Death Penalty1703 Words   |  7 Pagespa per will discuss the ethological dilemma of the death penalty in the philosophical outlooks of Utilitarianism and Deontology, present arguments in light of both, and proceed to show why Deontology offers the best insights into the justification for the death penalty. The death penalty, also known as â€Å"capital punishment†, is, â€Å"the sentence of execution for murder and some other capital crimes (serious crimes, especially murder, which are punishable by death).† (Death Penalty Law, Law And Legal Definition)Read MoreRetributivism Vs Utilitarian Theory1730 Words   |  7 Pagesacting immorally. A common response to immoral behavior is punishments, which leads me to ask the question: how is punishment justified? In his article â€Å"The Classic Debate†, American legal philosopher Joel Feinberg lays out the main points of discourse between the two major theories of justified punishment, which I will deconstruct. Feinberg asserts that there are two main theories used to justify punishment: Retributivism and Utilitarianism. These two theories supposedly oppose each other such thatRead MoreThe Capital Punishment Debate Essay1396 Words   |  6 PagesCapital Punishment, also known as the death penalty is a legal sentence for a criminal to be put to death. The Punishment is rising to a controversial topic and has led to a lot of heated debates. As of 2014, over 150 countries have abolished the death penalty and 40 others have not used it in recent years, although it is still legal. The death Penalty is mostly used in extreme cases of crime like rape or murder. The convicted criminals are mostly put to death in inhuman ways such as lethal injectionsRead MoreThe Classical School Of Criminology935 Words   |  4 PagesClassical School of Criminology are that humans are rational and that our behavior comes from free will, and our human behavior is derived from pain and pleasure. To deter criminal’s punishment is necessary, which may set an example for others. As well as crime prevention should be implemented with quick regulated punishment for violations of the law. What were some forerunners of classical thought in criminology? Some forerunners of classical thought in criminology are that societies have notions ofRead MoreCapital Punishment And The Death Penalty1714 Words   |  7 PagesCapital punishment, or the death penalty is the legally authorized death of an individual as punishment for a heinous crime, typically one that involves murder. The legality of it varies by state and it continues to be a contentious topic of discussion in the United States. Furthermore, in recent decades, public opinion has been shifting from a supportive stance to an unsupportive stance on the use of the death penalty. It is now perceived by most people to be an unethical, immoral, and expensiveRead MoreLiterature Review Retributive Justice: The Case of Justin Wolfe1838 Words   |  7 PagesWolfe of premeditated killing for hire, the use of a firearm in the commission of a felony, and conspiracy to distribute marijuana. The jury further ruled that Wolfe fi t the vague standards of future vileness and dangerousness necessary for capital punishment. While Wolfe made multiple admissions during his testimony, he did not admit to conspiracy to commit murder or murder for hire. The presence of two offenders in murder for hire, resulting in shared culpability, allowed Owen Barber, the triggermanRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is Justified1534 Words   |  7 Pages Capital punishment raises the very difficult question whether or not it is ethical to kill a convicted criminal. People who oppose the death penalty often argue mistaken identity and wrongful conviction. They argue that long-term imprisonment is the better course of action, because it allows for the possibility that if a mistake was made in the conviction of a suspect, they would be able to correct it without ending the life of an innocent person. They also state that the threat of the death penalty

Arts and Crafts of Elizabethan Era Essays - 611 Words

Queen Elizabeth’s reign had a very large impact on the blossom of arts and crafts in late 1500’s and early 1600’s of England. She had a great passion for arts, crafts, and literature. This inspired several artists, play writes, author, and architects to move their practice to the England. Some authors include William Shakespeare, Francis Bacon, and Thomas Wyatt. Architects include John Brayne, also included famous artist Nicholas Hilliard. The collection of arts in England mad this country very popular. Nicholas Hilliard was one the few famous artists in the Elizabethan era. Nicholas was born to Richard Hilliard (an English goldsmith) and Laurence Wall. As a young boy Hilliard became attached to the household of leading Exeter Protestant†¦show more content†¦In 1600, he wrote Treatise on the Arte of Limning, which was an account on his method and special sidelights for individual mericual and engaging temperament. Nicholas struggled with financial situat ions; this led to a short imprisonment for debt. Researchers say: â€Å"His Treatise also states that he derived his sensibility from that of the painter Hans Holbein the Younger, a German portraitist working in England, whose influence doubtless accounts for Hilliard’s preference for even, nondramatic lighting and firm contours, as seen in the miniatures An Unknown Youth Leaning Against a Tree Among Roses and An Unknown Man Against a Background of Flames.† Nicholas Hilliard was very valuable to the artistic nature of England during the Elizabethan era. There were not many different types of known art at the time of Elizabethan era. The main type of art at the time was portraiture. Portraiture is the practice of making portraits. Many families, or people of power would have an artist compose portraits that would usually be displayed in the main entrances of their households. The intent of the portrait is to display the likeness, personality, and even the mood of the person. William Shakespeare lived in the time known as the Elizabethan Era. It was named this because of the rule of Queen Elizabeth I. Art flourished during her reign because she loves art immensely. Her favorite artist was Nicholas Hilliard; he often painted portraits for her. Isaac OliverShow MoreRelatedThe Rise Of The Elizabethan Theatre1846 Words   |  8 Pagesresults of centuries upon centuries of exploration and growth in not only the art of live performance, but th e very core of storytelling as well. Throughout its rich and exciting history, however, it’s difficult to find a period quite so prosperous for the art of western storytelling as the Elizabethan era: an era which sparked exponential growth that would be built upon for centuries to come. Since its very beginning, Elizabethan Theatre has had a marvelous impact on the lives of everyone it touched,Read MoreEssay on Renaisssance versus Baroque Periods967 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent periods. The renaissance period rolled into the baroque era. There were changes made over the years from the baroque to the renaissance period. Differences in style accumulated along with views of art and music. Baroque era covers the period between 1600 and 1750 beginning with Monte Verdi (birth of opera) and ended with deaths of Bach and Handel. The term baroque music is borrowed from the art history. It follows the Renaissance era (1400-1600). It was initially considered to be a corrupt wayRead MoreHamlet- Shakespeare dramatises the tension between Passion and Reason1413 Words   |  6 Pagesunderlying tension. ‘Hamlet’ presents challenging representations of the traditional values of passion and reason through their varying forms. The representation of these concepts coupled with dramatic tension conflicts with traditional plots of the Elizabethan era thus creating a sense of enduring value. The various depictions of dramatized tension that underpin the play, allows issues of passion and reason to flourish throughout as is the intention of Shakespeare. Tension emphasises how acts of passionRead MoreComparison/Contrast Renaisssance and Baroque Essay967 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent periods. The renaissance period rolled into the baroque era. There were changes made over the years from the baroque to the renaissance period. Differences in style accumulated along with views of art and music. Baroque era covers the period between 1600 and 1750 beginning with Monte Verdi (birth of opera) and ended with deaths of Bach and Handel. The term baroque music is borrowed from the art history. It follows the Renaissance era (1400-1600). It was initially considered to be a corrupt wayRead MoreLiterary Group in British Poetry5631 Words   |  23 PagesRenaissance in England 3.1 Early Renaissance poetry 3.2 The Elizabethans 3.2.1 Elizabethan Song 3.2.2 Courtly poetry 3.2.3 Classicism 3.3 Jacobean and Caroline poetry 3.3.1 The Metaphysical poets 3.3.2 The Cavalier poets 4 The Restoration and 18th century 4.1 Satire 4.2 18th century classicism 4.3 Women poets in the 18th century 4.4 The late 18th century 5 The Romantic movement 6 Victorian poetry 6.1 High Victorian poetry 6.2 Pre-Raphaelites, arts and crafts, Aestheticism, and the Yellow 1890s 6.3 Comic verseRead MoreReview of Virginia Woolfs Shakespeares Sister3106 Words   |  13 PagesVirginia Woolf’s ‘Shakespeare’ Sister’ is the third chapter from her literary essay A Room of One’s Own. In this chapter, which is the essay on Shakespeare’s Sister, she considers the question of why no women writers are represented in the canon of Elizabethan drama. To explore the issue, Woolf invents a fictional and mythical sister, Judith, for William Shakespeare and compares the barriers brothers and sisters would have encountered in achieving success as playwright. Imaginatively, Woolf despairs ofRead MoreEssay about Ben Johnson and William Shakespeare 1275 Words   |  6 Pagescenturies because they endear the audience to the human experience. Ben Jonsons literary style was influenced by the Greek and Roman classics (Mulryan). He had a distinctive style that was potent and candid. He preferred realism to the standard Elizabethan romantic plays that he considered flighty and fanciful. He was the master of satire (Baskerville). His characters in his plays were generally flat (dominating characteristic) and represented the follies of man. His decision to include the harsherRead MoreThe Child Safety Is Important Essay1366 Words   |  6 Pages(termination of parental rights) is the best option at this point, then so be it. TPR may be an option now but it was not always available. Social Welfare Policy is very important. Changes happen often which can be good or bad. In colonial America, The Elizabethan Poor Law Act of 1601 may have been necessary during its time. The government consolidated various laws. Counties were required to assume relief-giving function when church communities could not meet their responsibilities (they were extremely religiousRead Moreâ€Å"the Spirit of Renaissance and Elizabethan Era†5448 Words   |  22 Pagesdating from the early 16th century to the early 17th century. It is associated with the pan-European Renaissance that many cultural historians believe originated in Tuscany in the 14th century. This era in English cultural history is sometimes referred to as the age of Shakespeare or the Elizabethan era, the first period in English and British history to be named after a reigning monarch. Renaissance literally means rebirth. It refers especially to the rebirth of learning that began inRead MoreThe Elizabethan Eras Effect on Shakespeares Works2878 Words   |  12 PagesThe Elizabethan Eras Effect on Shakespeares Works If every playwright in Shakespeares time aspired, as he did, to paint a portrait of an age in their works, his would have been the Mona Lisa, leaving the most lasting impression on generations to come and at the same time, one of the worlds most baffling mysteries. Surely it is no coincidence that the worlds most celebrated dramatist wouldve lived during the time when one of the worlds most powerful rulers in history reigned. Or was it?

Analytical Discussion of Cold Mountain by Charles Frazier Essay Example For Students

Analytical Discussion of Cold Mountain by Charles Frazier Essay The story of Cold Mountain is of a war and adventure across the mountainous terrain, but, most of all it is a love story. Before the blossoming love is torn by the separation of war, Ada and Inman venture into the woods together to say their goodbyes. There Inman recites to Ada a story told to him by an Indian woman. At the end of the story, Ada had nothing but a satirical remark regarding the validity of Inmans tale. It wasnt until later that she realized that it had not been about an old woman but about his own fears and desires.p 254 The moment in the woods made them recognize their differences. Their love for each other would not let them return to each others company until they had both settled their personal troubles. The war left Inman wounded physically and spiritually. Inman had seen so much death it had come to seem a random thing entirely. He could not even make a start at reckoning up how many deaths he had witnessed of late. It would number, no doubt, in the thousands. Accomplished in every custom you could imagine, and some you couldnt come up with if you thought at it for days. He had grown so used to seeing death, walking among the dead, sleeping among them, numbering himself calmly as among the near-dead, that it seemed no longer dark and mysterious.p 230 The death and violence that Inman saw and enforced upon those he met distanced him even more from the person he once was. Much of this was attributed to the many encounters he had with his own death. At every turn there seemed to some other way for him to die, and another possible way for him to escape it. Each encounter or thought of that day to be his last benefited him. He began to view the world around him in different light. The optimistic thought lasted but a minute, and he continually returned to his gloomy way of living. The image he now possessed disturbed him so much that he could not bear the sight of himself. He looked down into a pool and caught sight of his visage looking up at him, wavery and sinister, and he immediately frabbled his fingers in the waterfor he had no desire to look upon himself.p 299 There was slow progression to Inmans scorn toward people and nature. As his journey continued, he found himself to treat those around him with more respect. No only was this apparent with the people he encountered, but it was also obvious with his reaction to nature. Not far into his journey, Inmans confrontation with Juniors three-legged dog showed his inhumanity toward the living. The dog ran low to the ground and completely soundless on a trajectory straight to Inman Before it got to him, Inman kicked and caught it under the chin with a boot toe. The dog collapsed and lay motionless  in the dirt. p 211 The dog was evidently not a threat to Inman, but he persisted to fight anything that wanted to challenge him. He showed persistence to harm animals again when he encounter the bear and its cub. Without wanting to kill the bear, he ended up doing so anyway. As a tender way to relieve the cub of its loss, he shot the cub, and killed it also. Although Inmans actions do not seem to be improving the intentions of them show progress. Unlike Inman, Adas journey is not mapped out. Her journey is within herself and her property to find the best in both. Adas life begins to fall apart after her fathers death. She did not possess many qualities that would give people a reason to like her. Many of her friends had fallen away, finding her too bristly and eccentric.p 66 Besides the absence of her social skills, a lady told Ada that she was the most naive girlp 181 she had ever met. .u689cf9d6479dbef0545d5a388751a945 , .u689cf9d6479dbef0545d5a388751a945 .postImageUrl , .u689cf9d6479dbef0545d5a388751a945 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u689cf9d6479dbef0545d5a388751a945 , .u689cf9d6479dbef0545d5a388751a945:hover , .u689cf9d6479dbef0545d5a388751a945:visited , .u689cf9d6479dbef0545d5a388751a945:active { border:0!important; } .u689cf9d6479dbef0545d5a388751a945 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u689cf9d6479dbef0545d5a388751a945 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u689cf9d6479dbef0545d5a388751a945:active , .u689cf9d6479dbef0545d5a388751a945:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u689cf9d6479dbef0545d5a388751a945 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u689cf9d6479dbef0545d5a388751a945 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u689cf9d6479dbef0545d5a388751a945 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u689cf9d6479dbef0545d5a388751a945 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u689cf9d6479dbef0545d5a388751a945:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u689cf9d6479dbef0545d5a388751a945 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u689cf9d6479dbef0545d5a388751a945 .u689cf9d6479dbef0545d5a388751a945-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u689cf9d6479dbef0545d5a388751a945:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Running in the Family EssayAda had lost more than a father when Monroe died. She also lost guidance. She depended upon her father to supply everything for her, including knowledge, and ways to think. The intelligence Ada had did not amount to much after her fathers death. Ruby aided Ada in her struggle for survival, and gave her much needed answers and friendship. Ruby stressed a life of working for what you wanted, and not just buying it. This method of thinking caused Ada to do things for herself. Ada developed an interest in nature that was not as superficial as before. She declared outloud when she said, I am living a life now where I keep account of the doings of part icular birds.p 239 This served as an important revelation for Ada. Never before had she concerned herself with things, especially in nature. Ada developed better relationships with people by being around Ruby. Their relationship, alone, taught Ada to express her emotions to someone other than her father, instead of neglect them. Ada realized it was the first time they had embraced, and Ruby stood with her arms to her sides and was just a hard knot of a person in Adas arms.p 373 However, it was not until the moment that Ada sat with Stobrod in the snow, and killed an animal for them to eat that she had matured to a person who knew how to take care of others and herself. At that same time, Inman went to drink from a creek when a salamandermoved among the stones. Inman lifted it out and held it cupped in his hands and looked at the salamanders faceHe returned the salamander to its place and walked backp 392 When these two moments occur, both their journeys seem to be complete. The physical separation of Cold Mountain is not so restraining on each of them, and the paths leads Ada and Inman to each other. They find each other just as Adas father fell  in love with Adas mother. For many years they lived their separate lives, but it was in the time apart that circumstance made them come to appreciate each other. Because the tradition of history repeating itself will never seize, Ada and Inmans future faced the same pattern as Adas parents did.

Women The Abused Gender in Literature and Life free essay sample

A study of four books where the trauma of the women characters are explored. The paper explores four books which are linked by the trauma of the women characters The Bluest Eyes (Toni Morrison), Jasmine, (Bharati Mukherjee) Bastard Out of Carolina (Dorothy Allison), and White Oleander (Janet Fitch). The paper shows how each book involves the story of a young woman who suffered abuse through no fault of her own and that although they take place at different times, different locations and to different types of young women, they are linked. The author touches on the thread of abuse towards women in real life. As a young girl she shows her strength when she saves the village women from a wild dog. Throughout her life in India, Jasmine, a young Punjab girl undergoes a series of changes. She is the embodiment of the fatalistic beliefs of the Hindu religion as she goes through cycles that allow her to become a mature woman in a new country, America. We will write a custom essay sample on Women: The Abused Gender in Literature and Life or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The story is told from the perspective that young woman in America as she recalls the life she lead in India, and how she came to America. Behind her is the oppression of females. Ahead of her is hope for a better life. In her is the clash of beliefs from the fatalistic Hindu, to the optimistic American. Along the way her name is changed several times until she winds up with the non-ethnic Jane, instead of Jasmine.

Hotel Information System Essays

Hotel Information System Essays Hotel Information System Essay Hotel Information System Essay | IST 419 Final Project| Hotel Information System| | This paper is aimed to conduct a thorough analysis on determining the most appropriate system for the company and how to implement the system best. | | Yuyang Zhang| 12/2/2011| | Identify the Problem A profitable hospitality business not only needs an efficient team of seasoned hotel management professionals, but excellent administration tools as well. An effective hotel management system can go a long way in ensuring efficient management of the complete hotel’s business. Apart from taking care of the administration aspect of the hotel, a hotel management system can assist you in management of inventory, reservation, sales and several other functional aspects of a hotel. Having a software custom-made for your hotel’s requirements can be a very costly affair; the better option is to buy a good off the shelf application which can be operated from multiple locations. However, it is important that the pre-built software application meets the following criterias: * Overall functionality – It is important that the hotel management system is chosen keeping in mind the specific purposes it is going to solve. It can be implemented to either automate one or two specific functions or to perform multiple tasks. Most importantly, the software should be web-based, so that it is able to import/export data from/to different websites/locations. * Ease of implementation – The hotel management system should be compatible with the pre-existing system in the hotel. Moreover, it should have the ability to import data from the old system without any difficulty. Ease of adaptability – The hotel management system should be easy to install and operate. Since the hotel staff is normally not technically qualified, the software has to be easy to navigate and supported by a comprehensive manual. Further, it should also have a help option built into it, which can be referred to instantly, in case of any technical problem. The system administrator should also be provided with proper guidelines for effective troubleshooting. * Vendor’s reputation – The reputation and authenticity of the software manufacturer should be checked and verified properly before making a decision to invest in a particular hotel management system. One should ask the vendor to provide testimonials/references of existing clients, which should then be cross-checked on a random basis. Furthermore, it is extremely important that you take into account the after sales support and terms and conditions of service into consideration as well. * Ease of Scalability – The hotel management system should be easily scalable without having to incur excessive expenditure in the event of future expansions. It should have the features to add and manage multiple properties without compromising on the performance of the system. Third party Integrations- It should have the ability to integrate third party utilities such as video-on-demand, CRM, EPABX, Room Key etc. without incurring any additional expenditure (apart from the utility itself) In the specific case, for a newly-acquired, independent hotel, the very first upgrade required should be implemented on the Property Management System. The reasons are following; the Property Management System (PMS) is the most critical tool and core system in intellectual property, manufacturing and hospitality management. An upgrade on the PMS could bring a significant improvement in management efficiency as well as increase in revenue in a short period. In addition, the new system is designed to better control the properties including equipment maintenance, personal property and personnel. With the data based management system, PMS also provides a more efficient way of guest booking, sales, point of sale and security. After carefully analysis and selection, I have made a list of three system providers among various choices: WinPM, Micros and Auto clerk. In the following article, I will deeply analysis the pros and cons for each vendor. Property Management System Description A. WinPM WinPM is a Windows-based property management system and utilizes Microsoft’s SQL server, which is widely recognized as a scalable and affordable database option for integrated data management. Additionally, WinPM is deployed using industry standard hardware that is easily supported and cost-effective. From a single property to multiple properties, WinPM scales to meet your data and operational requirements, and to deliver the robust functionality and performance required to service demanding hotel guests with optimum speed and efficiency. WinPM quickly and seamlessly integrates with other MSI products and interfaces with a wide variety of third party systems to serve the diverse and dynamic needs of your operation. From web bookings to sales and catering to point of sale and business intelligence, MSI does it all. WinPM even makes it easy to add a peripheral device, including automated self-check-in kiosks and wireless remotes. B. Micros The Micros property management software is designed to meet the varied requirements of any size hotel or hotel chain, OPERA PMS provides all the tools a hotel staff needs for doing their day-to-day jobs - handling reservations, checking guests in and out, assigning rooms and managing room inventory, accommodating in-house guest needs, and handling accounting and billing. The property management software is configurable to each property’s specific requirements and operates in either single-property or multi-property mode, with all properties in a complex sharing a single database. OPERA Property Management Systems is fully integrated with OPERA Sales and Catering, OPERA Gaming and Comp Accounting, OPERA Vacation Ownership System, OPERA Quality Management System, and the OPERA central systems - ORS, the OPERA Reservation System; and OCIS, the OPERA Customer Information System. C. Auto Clerk The AutoClerk Property Management System (PMS) is designed to be the most powerful, intuitive PMS on the market. At the core of every hotel operator’s business is the guest experience. Because it is important for your front desk staff to be confident and organized, we strive to make the front desk processes as simple and easy to use as possible. Our unique one-step screens are simple to learn and powerful to use. Comparison Table | WinPM| Micros| Auto Clerk| Pros| 1. Condo-Owner Reporting2. Automated Purge Options3. Rate strategies with minimum andmaximum length of stay4. Room Status Discrepancy Reports| 1. Automatically controlling rates2. Demographic records for guests3. Account Receivable integrated4. Back Office Interface5. interfaces to hundreds of third-party hospitality systems| 1. Yield Management Tools2. Room Allotments3. Easy Audit4. Single step check-in5. Single screen reservations6. Group processing7. Guest history| Key feature| Forecasts and Statistics| Scaled-down edition designed for smaller clients| One-step night audit. | Ease of implementation*| 9| 10| 9| Ease of Scalability*| 8| 10| 8| Vendor’s reputation*| 10| 8| 10| Overall functionality*| 9| 8| 9| * Scale from 1 to 10 Detailed Comparison table Vendor| WinPM| Micros| Auto Clerk| Reservations| GroupsOnline Guest and Folio HistoryUnlimited InventoryMulti-Segment ReservationsYield Management ToolsFlexible Share Functionality Reservation Denial TrackingExtensive PBX Operator Search ToolsGuest MessagingPackage SupportSupport for Extended Stay ModelCondo-Owner Reporting| OPERA Reservation features are integrated with other functionality such as profiles, cashiering, and deposits. This property management software module offers a complete set of features for making and updating individual, group, and business block reservations, including deposit handling, cancellations, confirmations, wait listing, room blocking, and sharing| Groups Check InOnline Guest and Folio HistoryUnlimited InventoryMulti-Segment ReservationsYield Management ToolsReservation Denial TrackingSupport for Extended Stay ModelCondo-Owner ReportingRoom AllotmentsAvailability SnapshotCustom PackagesE-mail Option| Accounting| Credit/Debit AgingCity Ledger Dispute TrackingAutomated Purge OptionsQuick Search by AccountsAccount Drill Down FeaturesCompliance with HFTP’s 10thEdition Accounting Standards Journal File Exports to Third-PartyBack Office Software Forecasts and Statistics| Posting guest and passer-by charges (including taxes and other generates), making posting adjustments, managing advance deposits, settlements, checkout and folio printing are a few of the many activities handled b y OPERA Cashiering. Cashiering accommodates multiple payment methods per reservation including cash, check, credit cards, and direct bill. In multi-property environments, guest charges can be cross-posted from any property in the hotel complex. Credit/Debit AgingCity Ledger Dispute TrackingCompliance with HFTP’s 10thEdition Accounting StandardsChannel Auditing| Front Desk| One Screen Check-in/Check-outDrag and Drop CorrectionsTransfer and Charge Routing withGuest SearchMultiple Folios for Each GuestGuest History Log| One-Step Check-in/Check-outDrag and Drop Correctionsinter-department advisories, or traces| One Screen Check-in/Check-outDrag and Drop CorrectionsMultiple Folios for Each GuestGuest History Log| Housekeeping| Drag and Drop Room-to-MaidAssignmentsHousekeeping and Maintenance StaffTrackingRoom Status Discrepancy ReportsMulti-Language SupportPatterned Schedules to ComplementGreen Policies| The Queue Rooms feature of the property management software coordinates Front Office and Housekeeping efforts when guests are waiting for rooms which are not immediately available for assignment | Drag and Drop Room-to-MaidAssignmentsHousekeeping and Maintenance StaffTrackingupdate a single room at a time or work with groups of rooms. | Sales and Marketing| Rate Strategies with Minimum andMaximum Length of StayPackage SupportStatisticsReporting and Export CapabilityGuest Profiles and History| OPERA Property Management System supports multi-currency and multi-language features to meet the requirements of global operations. Rates and revenues can be dynamically converted from the local currency to any other currency. The appropriate language for guest correspondence can be automatically determined by the guest’s profile language; country-specific address formats are supported. | Rate Strategies with Minimum andMaximum Length of StayReporting and Export CapabilityGuest Profiles and History| Key feature description| WinPM automatically forecast the future rates based on current availability and other hotels’ situations. | Micros PM offers a scaled-down edition of our property management systems for smaller properties or properties offering limited services. OPERA property management software product. Nightly audit report is saved on disk, and is available in a variety of formats. Options are available to turn off audit printing to save paper and time. Automatically posts room and tax| Analysis of Cost See the attached Excel Sheet Recommendation From the feature analysis, the three vendor all have different competitive advantages. It is very difficult to select the best one. In this specific case, for a newly-acquired, independent hotel, it has to fulfill the scale requirement, which is relatively small scale. Among the three vendors, Micro is an expert at small scale systems. Micro provides a scaled-down edition of our property management systems for smaller properties or properties offering limited services. According to the balance sheet, Micro provides both the highest ROI AND IRR, which indicates the project is the most profitable one. Based on the above analysis I will recommend ROC to implement the property management system from Micro Co,. Plan of Implementation A. Initiation Identify the problems Prepare project charter and scope statement B. Planning Develop Work break down Structure Narrow the field List potential solutions Budgeting C. Executing Formulate Business requirements Develop Property management system Install Property management system Provide Good Training D. Monitoring and controlling Implement additional modifications Request users’ feedback Test Before launch

How to answer What are you most passionate about in an interview

How to answer What are you most passionate about in an interview When we’re on the job hunt in search of our next great career opportunity, many of us spend the bulk of our time in prep mode, where we do everything we can to try and get our foot in the door of a company that we want to work for. This includes research to see which companies are hiring, catching up on the latest industry news and trends, and frantic networking to kick open the doors of opportunity. Meanwhile, we’re also polishing our cover letters and resumes until they’re razor-sharp, and- if we’re lucky enough to score an interview- spending an almost embarrassing amount of time thinking about what we’re going to wear to make a perfect impression. Sure, these are positive steps to take and will help you get closer to making your goal a reality. But the truth is, today’s savvy interviewers are looking for more than just walking bulleted lists of skills and accomplishments. They want to make sure they hire well-rounded candidates who are pa ssionate about work and life who will fit well into their company cultures. According to a recent article by Inc., â€Å"†¦ employees who fit well with their organization, coworkers, and supervisor had greater job satisfaction, were more likely to remain with their organization, and showed superior job performance.†Think about it- hiring personnel are going to be bombarded with a blizzard of successful candidates who have the requisite abilities to handle the job effectively. Do you want to be just one more qualified person, or do you want to stand out from the crowd and make a deeper impression?Hopefully, we’ve convinced you that today’s successful job candidates are able to demonstrate what motivates and drives them, and what they’re truly passionate about in life- a question that is increasingly popping up during interviews. The truth is, many candidates (even ones who have prepared intensely) stumble when asked what they’re passionate abou t during interviews. But you don’t have to! Use the following strategies to help you hit a home run when this question comes flying your way.Be honestThe truth is, seasoned hiring managers are great lie detectors and will likely know when you’re telling the truth and when you’re just floundering in an effort to try and make a good impression. Today’s progressive companies often dedicate time, energy, and resources to a variety of helpful humanitarian causes, and if your passions naturally align with theirs then that’s a sign of a great fit. So, if you’re truly passionate about helping orphans in third-world countries or dedicated to ending ocean pollution that’s fantastic, but if you’re just trying to make yourself sound good, chances are it will backfire- especially if you’re asked follow-up questions that you don’t have answers for. Being honest about what you’re passionate about in life, whatever it is, is your best approach, and the right company will appreciate who you are and what moves you.Be boldChances are if you’re asked about what you’re passionate about in life then so are those other qualified candidates, so do what you can to make sure your response stands out. Use bold and genuine language and imagery when discussing your passions, and if you have a compelling story to back it all up, even better. The goal here is to make a strong impression that you’re the sort of person who dedicates 100% of themselves to the things in life that matter to you- an impression that lasts long after the interview is over.Tie it all togetherAs previously mentioned, today’s companies are bolstering their corporate brands by dedicating themselves to all sorts of worthwhile global causes, and if you can show how your passions complement theirs, it’s really going to help you stand out as a potential hire. Also, try to tie your life’s passions to your w ork life, if possible. Show how you’re the sort of person who is naturally driven and motivated by professional challenges, and how work for you is more than just a paycheck. If you can convince interviewers that your passion for your work is undeniable, you’re going to have a much better shot at demonstrating your potential value as a member of their team.If you’re looking to have a stand-out performance during interviews and make a lasting impression, then make sure that your passions- in work and in life- are made clear. Use the advice and strategies presented here to help make that happen, and to ensure that you’re doing your absolute best while on the job hunt. Good luck!

Analytical Project Southwest Airlines Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Analytical Project Southwest Airlines - Essay Example The industry facilitates world trade, tourism, international investment, economic growth. It is also a centre of the globalization that is taking place in many of the industries. In the past decades, worldwide, travelling has been taken place for both leisure and business. Therefore, per year air travel has grown by 7%. Approximately, about 1.5 billion people are travelling through airlines worldwide (The Airline Industry, 2000). Type of business: The airline is considered to be the tertiary industry that offers its services to all the people, directly or indirectly. When tourism is promoted in the country, it is the airlines that improves the economy and in turn affect every member of the society (Southwest, 2011). Form the airlines industry, the paper discusses Southwest airlines in detail. Size: The total number of employees in the southwest airline is about 3500. In the year 2010, their net income was $ 459 million. Moreover, excluding the special items, their net income turns ou t as $550 million. Throughout the year on the airline, a total of 88 million people have travelled. The statistics report of 2010 shows that their operating revenue of the year 2010 was $12.1 billion (Southwest, 2011). Service provided: Southwest airline is considered as the United States’ most successful high frequency, low fare, and point to point carrier. Every day they offer more than 34000 flights coast to coast. This makes it one of the largest domestic passenger airlines of the states (Southwest, 2011). Market served: Southwest airline is the domestic airline; it flies to 37 states; 72 cities. They serve these cities by using 548 Boeing and 737 jets (Southwest, 2011). Summary of SWA’s Strategy Mission: The mission of Southwest Airline is â€Å"dedication to the highest quality of Customer Service delivered with a sense of warmth, friendliness, individual pride, and Company Spirit.† The mission of the company is to provide their customer with the best qual ity that will force them to return to them more than once (Southwest Airlines, 2011). Organizational objectives: The objectives of the company are to efficiently deliver the basic services (Southwest Airlines, 2011). To achieve this goal they have divided this objective into a number of fundamental objectives. They want to provide their customers with safe, low price transportation with maximum convenience. Overall HR strategy: The HR strategy of the company is â€Å"recognizing that our people are the competitive advantage, we deliver the resources and services to prepare our people to be winners, to support the growth and profitability of the company, while preserving the values and special culture of Southwest Airlines† (Buller, 2006). Being a great place to work, the airlines is selective in hiring and looks out for the best employees that can satisfy the needs and wants of the company as well as the customers. Key strategies: The key strategy of the company includes bein g cost effective, so that they can capture greater number of customers. They are also specialized in short-haul flights to their customers. They tend to give their customers the best services in return of the price they pay. This strategy is considered to be their core strategy (Southwest

See below Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

See below - Essay Example dequacy in addressing the socio-cultural, political as well as religious concerns in the belief that learning English entailed adopting the western culture and social practices, and the fear that the predominance of English could prove to be detrimental to the mother tongue of the home country. The framework deals with the problems and prejudice by focusing on the English language alone and delinking it from the western culture or customs. In fact, it goes a step further and reiterates in no uncertain terms that English has now firmly entrenched universally as a global language, making way for pronunciation of English words and sentences clearly and distinctly in the local phonetics rather than emphasize on the European or American accent, and also makes a case for the desirability of synthesizing the language with the local phonemes. This serves to give special status to the culture as well as the language by branding it as ‘Korean English,’ ‘Nigerian English,’ and so forth. Language teaching came into its own as a profession in the last century. Central to this process was the emergence of the concept of methods of language teaching. The method concept in language teaching-the notion of a systematic set of teaching practices based on a particular theory of language and language learning-is a powerful one, and the quest for better methods preoccupied teachers and applied linguists throughout the 20th century. That search was not only for better methods but ideally a single method generalized across widely varying audiences, that would successfully teach students a foreign language in the classroom. People have approached language learning in many ways over the years. The self directed language learner or language teacher may well ask What approach should I use? Such a person might ask " What method should I use ? Whats the difference between an approach, a technique and a method ? In 1963, applied linguist Edward Anthony defined the terms

Texas Science Scholars program Essay Example for Free

Texas Science Scholars program Essay Mrs. Page, I would like you to know that I do not consider English as one of my strongest subjects; however, I still am excited to be in this class. From what I can tell, your particular style of instruction will definitely be helpful towards my education in literature. I feel you are someone who can help me to better myself in writing. My name is Michael Cortinas. I will be majoring in Computer Science and I am currently part of the Texas Science Scholars program. I enjoy reading, but struggle when it comes to writing on a designated prompt. In high school, I was part of both the varsity track, and cross-country team. Before college, I would run two or three miles every morning, but, because all my classes take place in the morning, I haven’t had time. I have been working part-time at H-E-B for nearly a year now, where I do anything from cashier to push carts. I currently live with my mother, step-father, and three younger siblings, meaning most of my homework will be done on campus. When it comes to college, I hope to obtain the skills necessary to become an impact in my community and in the lives of those close to me. I feel if I can get enough from college, I can be the type of person that people feel confident in putting their trust and coming to for advice. I guess this desire was inspired my great-grandfather, who passed away last year. He was someone that everyone felt comfortable confiding in and always seemed to know just what to say. Your class, being one that works with word choice, is a great start towards this goal. I feel that I am going to enjoy your class and all it has to offer.

Cosmology and the Bible Essays -- cosmology, universe

As one grows older, he begins to question life and how the universe was made. Therefore, it is vital that he has a solid worldview. This worldview has its foundation in cosmology. Cosmology is defined as the branch of science concerned with origin, structure, changes, and the final destiny of the universe. Therefore, the importance of origins/cosmology in a worldview is that it shapes how one sees the universe. Without studying cosmology, one would not have a firm foundation for his worldview because he would not understand how or why the universe was formed. Through the study of cosmology, one is able to better understand how the universe was formed and how it will one day become. Therefore, cosmology affects a worldview because it sets a foundation for the perspective of the person because it explains how the world and living things came about. Thus, once someone determines the origin of the universe, he is able to build the rest of his worldview around th at one idea. In order for cosmology affect one’s worldview, he must first study it so that he is able to better understand it. This theory can be demonstrated in Spurgeon’s article, â€Å"Astronomy As a Source of Illustration†. Spurgeon opens his article with the statement, â€Å"every student for the Christian ministry ought to know at least something of every science, he should intermeddle with every form of knowledge that may be useful in his life’s work. God has made all things that are in the world to be our teachers† (Spurgeon 404). This statement could not be more true. Through studying cosmology, students are able to understand more about the universe that God has created. Thus, learning more about God and building the foundation for their world... ...on event. However, it is important to keep in mind that the theory must be aligned with the Bible. Works Cited Moffett, Rick. "Reliability of the Bible." Kenosha Christian Life School, Kenosha. 2011. Lecture. Moffett, Rick. "Worldviews-Biology/Geology." Kenosha Christian Life School, Kenosha. 2012. Lecture. The Privileged Planet. Dir. Lad Allen. Perf. John Rhys-Davies. Illustra Media, 2005. Black Board. BlackBoard. Blackboard Inc, 2014. Web. 23 Jan. 2014. Ross, Hugh. Why the Universe Is the Way It Is. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 2008. Print. Schroeder, Gerald. "Chapter 4: The Six Days of Genesis." The Science of God: The Convergence of Scientific and Biblical Wisdom. New York: Free, 2009. 60-61. Print. Spurgeon, C. H. "Astronomy As a Source of Illustration." Lectures to My Students. Fearn, Ross-shire: Christian Heritage, 1998. 404-409. Print.

Critical analyzing of the knowledge Essay

The role of a manager can be a complex job and although I have opted for five topics there are many more attributes to this position. Using my previous experiences, various research from books that I have read and the internet I will try to explain the rationale for my conclusions. In this essay I will look at the following five topics, Leadership, Communication, Delegation, Decision Making and Support which will help conclude, in my opinion, the five most important skills required to successfully fulfill the a position of a twenty first century manager. These skills underpin the knowledge and abilities which are of key importance to the pivotal role of the manager. LeadershipLeadership is about focusing on the most important resource available to them, i.e people. This process should include the development, academically and professionally of your people. It is important to encourage communication, engaging their thoughts and ideas to promote a win win situation. A manager should always motivate, encourage and promote excellent work, even in the most trying circumstances. A leader must always be aware of the ultimate goals of the organization, and know how their own objectives fit with them. Once these goals have been established you must ensure that your team understands the direction in which they are heading and why, and the purpose of their own activities within the overall plan. The ultimate objective should be broken down into attainable yet challenging goals that ideally will be inspiring and motivating for the whole team. Aims should also relate directly to the specific skills of the individual within the team. Working together towards a shared goal gives people a sense of ownership and responsibility, and  builds an atmosphere of team spirit, (Effective leadership by Robert Heller 1999). The written text of Robert Heller highlights in my opinion that every form of leadership requires strength, perseverance and dedicated staff to be able to fulfill a successful workplace. By choosing the correct employees to fit to you model enables yourself time to pursue further challenges. In my experience you have to show an open mind even to what might appear as, most off the wall suggestion. This shows the interpersonal skills to absorb the information, have time to think situations through and give effective feedback. This inturn promotes diversity amongst the employees that even the wildest suggestion is given time and thought. This objective way of empowering employees give positive vibes to each and every employee whatever their job role within the company or organization may be. With this in mind you can gain valuable commitment and engagement from the most un-co-operative people. Without being a positive open minded leader of people’s thoughts and ideas it is impossible to deliver results by which every leader is judged. A quote which sums this up is,`In fact, Leaders that go from good to great start not with `where` but with `who`. They start by getting the right people on the bus, the wrong people off the bus, and the right people in the right seats†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. First the people†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦then the direction` (Jim Collins, Educational Quotes for the 21 Century)This quote confirms to me the important role each person has in a well run, successful organization. Without this and total co-operation from all parts of the company, from senior management to the youngest most inexperienced person, failure would not be long from coming. Communication The art of communication can be a very complex situation unless steps are taken beforehand to ensure any messages relayed from higher management are correctly and concisely passed on in a positive manner. In my experience as a manager previously I have taken steps to prepare exactly what I was going to say in a manner which was clear, understandable, concise but most importantly which had enough open ended opportunity’s for two way discussions enabling myself to listen and give every opportunity for even negative feedback to be viewed as an opportunity for improvement. In my first few months as a manager within my company a position to which I was promoted from the shop floor, I was expected by the other employees to be able to change all forms of workmanship problems, health and safety issues, right down to the microwave being broken. I had up to then been part of a work force that had so bitterly complained of lack of information. My first steps were to gain trust from higher management to show I was as astute as previous managers and capable of moving on in a way which gave me time to bond as a manager with the employees and gain valuable experience in the role from which I was expected to get results from. My winning formula was simple; to put together a feedback questionnaire which involved everyone from the site leader to the cleaner. Each person was given 25 questions, some relevant, some comical and some which I thought were burning issues. All I asked from the employees was for the questionnaires to be filled out  with honesty. I requested any feedback, positive or negative be given in such a way which could be an opportunity for the company to move forward. The questionnaires themselves were voluntary and anonymous in case employees feared there would be reprisals afterwards. My next step was to get the 6 team leaders to put the questionnaires together in bar graphs, to offset a negative thought of management fiddling the results to look good for them. The findings were presented in an open meeting of 75 employees, which just coincidently fell at the same time as the area manager being on site looking at our set up. The outcome even surpassed my widest dreams, Ideas were given time and place, open discussions followed on subjects which some of the other managers were unaware of. But most importantly as a result of my actions a discussion group was formed which consisted of one manager, three employees, two team leaders and most importantly one of the junior employees the cleaner. All this led to a positive communication line from top to bottom. Everyone now felt they had as much responsibility as the next person, views were discussed openly, and problems dealt with by everybody. My ideas had ultimately been successful with some of the ideas being transferred into cost cutting and work improvement measures. One of my most positive actions was to get the microwave fixed. This gave me a foot into the door of management while successfully putting my  knowledge of frustrations of earlier years on the shop floor into good use. I learnt it is far better to listen and communicate then in a real way rather than pay lip service only. Action speaks louder than words. DelegationDelegation is probably one of the most arduous things a manager or leader has to do. Balancing the work load, too little and the person loses interest, too much and the person cannot successfully achieve the desired results for which you are looking for. And the reason for delegation?As a manager it is impossible to achieve everything yourself. You also need the support of subordinates(Team leaders, Supervisors) to process daily routines maybe now not on the top of your list, such as team meetings, daily forecasting, filling out of charts and overall managing of a team environment but yet pivotal to the success of your company. This also empowers employees to show their leadership qualities and the effectiveness of their skills. Choosing the right person to delegate to is vitally important. They have to have the knowledge, skills, motivation and be given sufficient time to be able to fulfill the tasks you are asking them to do. At most times these skills are not most openly visible so you have to choose the person you feel has the necessary intelligence and willingness to move up within your organization. With this you also have to give support, guidance and time to fulfill your expectations. The best way to achieve this would be to give smaller less important tasks to start with to build the person’s confidence, monitor the results, and gradually increase the level of responsibility so that the person`s powers of judgement increase with the more demanding work load you require from them. Delegation not only helps you get your work done; it can be used to improve your subordinates’ performance and therefore your trust in their ability to carry out more responsible work. Instruction training and development are part of the process of delegation. (How to be an even better Manager Sixth Edition, Michael Armstrong 2004)As I mentioned previously my early days of Management were extremely testing trying to find the right balance between concentrating on my new duties and trying to also hit production targets with ever changing goal posts. My attitude at first was to complete my work load given to me by my Manager then spend four more extra hours of the day completing work which I had left behind to make the transition. I was wrong, but this carried on until I was asked to attend a manager’s course in the Lake DistrictIt was basically 6 people from different backgrounds all sent on a course which fundamentally had the same out come whatever we were doing. Each day had a specific task, leading, assessing, team building, support and guidance and funny enough delegation. Each day a different person had to lead the task and by coincidence I had the day which turned out to be delegation. The task was for me to play draughts, I was in the control tower, and I had two people in a shed with whom my only contact was through a two way radio, and three people on the board moving the pieces. Initially my thought was to quickly make up a board with 64 squares and make my moves using this board and by radioing my moves to the two people in the  shed who would then run to the other three people who would make the move. They would then radio to me my competitors move and so on. My problem was I was still thinking of work and how if a problem arose I would try solving it myself, but what a big mistake. The game had a limit of 15 minutes and although I had thought my ingenious way of winning was superb I was ultimately beaten by blind foolishness, stubbornness and of course lack of delegation skills. It wasn’t till afterwards I realized how easy it would have been to let the two people in the shed co-ordinate with the three people on the board to solve a winning formula. It was a valuable lesson learnt and one I didn’t dither on too much when I returned to work, I used it to my advantage and re-assessed my team leaders performances and gave them new responsibilities which increased my time for more demanding business issues of which my new position entailed. Decision MakingDecision making is about thinking out a problem or situation, working out possible causes of concerns and making the correct choice or option. A decision is a judgement. It is a choice between alternatives. It is rarely a choice between right or wrong. It is the best choice between almost right and probably wrong- but more often a choice between two courses of action neither of which is probably more nearly right than the other (Peter Drucker, The Effective Executive, 1967)Every good Leader can expect praise by making decisive decisions based on the information gathered at any given time although census shows making excellent decisions is generally based on two or more conflicting disagreements, this enables the Leader to gauge opinion, have time to access the information and proceed with the best course of action. Many rules have been written about the best way to proceed when making the  best decision but from my experience getting the best answers means possibly accumulating five or six different reasoning processes and making the correct one, which I have listed below. Based on this way of thinking decisions become easier as time goes by, but as a leader you must have the confidence to implement and stand by your decisions. SupportAll good managers only become great leaders by entrusting the support of the work force of which they have been chosen to lead and visa versa. Experience tells me that trust can be very difficult to build and very easy to lose, as many employees have a `them and us` attitude towards management, so building trust can also bring loyalty amongst your workforce towards you. Building the initial trust is a very difficult thing to achieve as you have to prove your support towards them; This can be achieved by reassuring them you have no hidden agendas, and continually keeping them up to date on any information that affects them and keeping promises when made. Providing the workforce with the equipment and resources to succeed in their job also enlists support from them as well as recognizing successful targets achieved, this can be a motivator in itself. By appraising individuals and teams in successful target achievements with an  audience present can build a confidence within that teamUsing the team to present the results through interaction reinforces their stature of a job well done. Some mistakes are undoubtedly bound to happen in a high pressure situation where targets are hard to achieve but making sure any reprimand serious or not is made on a one to one basis is criticalThis does not undermine the individual or their performance but can be used as a learning curve on the way to build positives from a negative situation. Being a supportive leader means addressing all kinds of situations. I once had an employee who had just gone through a separation from his wife, was only seeing and visiting his children once a fortnight and was hitting the drink in such a manner that I had to warn him of his behaviour towards other employees around him. We both decided that visiting the dedicated counsellor was imperative and I took immediate action and drove him there the same day and waited for the session to end. I didn’t have to stay but I felt responsible for his welfare as a valued member of my team. It took many more sessions for him to finally turn his life around and get on the straight and narrow once again and finally earn some respect from his co-workers, but he managed to stand up in front of them and apologise for the sometimes meaningless disruptions he may have caused. Although I dealt with it in a sympathetic manner and got him the help he required, he was fully aware of the consequences of me assisting him instead of neglecting the situation and throwing the book at him. Sometime later he moved on to be one of my trusted team leaders. I truly learnt the difference between being a manager and a leader in those few weeks. As a manager you are asked to look after the business side of  things, targets goals etc and as a leader you have to look after people and the daily roles of different personalities. Combining both makes you a stronger more competent person able to adapt to any given situation. Conclusion To be successful as a Manager and leader in my opinion you have to have a work range that compares to a Politician and a Football Manager. As a politician you have to be diplomatic when required often in difficult situations, be able to judge and compare when best to communicate sensitive information and of course when to lead. Where as a football manager chooses his squad, puts his players in the best position for him and the team and is judged by results. Both these professions need dedicated people to run them and committed people to assist and participate wholeheartedly. In each case knowing the objectives, goals, targets, providing direction and facilitating change, enables the Manager a platform in which he can be competent to achieve the desired outcome which the position requires. Essentially Management is about setting out what work to do and getting it done through the co-operation of people to achieve this!Realise that the greatest asset is the co-operation and dedication of your staff. I hope my essay sheds some insight into the way I feel a manager of the 21st century should conduct themselves to become a successful part of their organization. Bibliography Teach yourself Leadership, Catherine Doherty and John Thompson, Hodder Education, 338 Euston Road, London 2007. On Leadership, Allan Leighton with Teena Lyons, Random House business books, 20 Vauxhall Bridge Road, London 2007. The Rules of Work, Richard Templar, Pearson Education Limited, Edinburgh Gate, Harlow 2003. How to be an even better Manager, Michael Armstrong, Kogan Page, 120 Pentonville Road, London 2004. Effective Leadership, Robert Heller, Dorling Kindersley, 80 Strand, London 1999. Modern Management, Siobhan Tiernan, Michael j. Morley, Edel Foley, Gill and Macmillan Ltd, Hume Avenue, Park West, Dublin 12, 2006. The Effective Executive, Peter Drucker, Heinemann, London 1967. www.leading-learning.co.nz/famous-quotes

Relationship banking

Youth, adolescence, and maturity of banks Credit availability to small business in an era of banking consolidation. pdf more complete conceptual framework for SME finance. pdf Bank Size and Small- and Medium-sized Enterprise (SME) Lending Evidence from China. pdf Bank size, lending technologies, and small business finance. pdf Bank-firm relationships, financing and firm performance in Germany. pdf Collateral, type of lender and relationship banking as determinants of credit risk. pdf Competition and relationship lending Friends or foes. pdf Credit protection and lending relationships. pdfFirm failure and relationship lending in an emerging economy new evidence from small businesses. pdf How do lending relationships affect access to credit and loan conditions in microlending. pdf Information verifiability, bank organization, bank competition and bank-borrower relationships. pdf Lending relationships in line-of- credit and nonline-of-credit loans Evidence from collateral use in small b usiness. pdf Loan officers and relationship lending to SMEs. pdf Multiple banking relationships and the fragility of corporate borrowers. pdf On the importance ot retail banking relationships. t On the prortability and cost of relationship lending. pdf Organizational distance and use of collateral for business loans.SME, borrowing constraints and banking relationship in Japan. pdf The number of banking relationships and the business cycle New evidence from Colombia. pdf The relationship banking paradox No pain no gain versus raison d†tre. pdf The relationship between banking market competition and risk-taking Do size and capitalization matter. pdf Trends in relationship lending and factors affecting relationship lending effeciency. pdf What's in a relationship The case of commercial lending. pdf Collateral, type of lender and relationship banking. pdf Collateral-based lending in emerging. pdf Do lending relationships matter. f Does gender matter in bank-firm relationships Evid ence from small. pdf Does market size structure affect competition. pdf Empirical determinants of relationship lending. pdf Evidence of Jointness in the terms of relationship. pdf How do lending relationships affect access to credit and loan conditions. pdf How important are small banks to small to small business lending. pdf How SMEs exploit their intellectual property assets. pdf Information verifiability, bank organization, bank competition and bank,

Human Skill Essay Example

Human Skill Essay Example Human Skill Paper Human Skill Paper Abstract Now, more than ever, businesses or organizations have begun to focus on the important role of Employer and Employee relationships. In review of Stalemates Organizational Management Leadership, Human Skills are noted as the second fundamental characteristic that a manager needs to possess besides Technical and Conceptual Skills. Human Skills are needed so that communication can be delivered and received effectively with positive results. Communications must be clear, concise and understandable by all parties involved. The reasoning for this is: the better the communication is delivered, the better the feedback will be. All messages that are transmitted either verbally, written or non-verbal has a meaning; the vocal tones, writing or the way a message is presented can convey a good or bad feedback from the receiver. Overall, communications plays a very important role in business and personal lives; therefore, how it is relayed depends solely on the delivering party. Human Skills In todays society, peoples communicate with one another In different ways. These ways may be mobile to mobile, chat to chat, Instating, Social Networking Sites I. E. , Twitter, Backbone; all of which may be verbal, written or non-verbal, However, when e communicate, it must be clear and understandable in order to receive proper feedback. In the day to day routine of friendly casual conversation (person to person), one doesnt really to the extreme for communication to reach its fullest potential because we too often use the slang approach whether vocally or in writing, In the business or employment area, communication skills are a much needed asset and then, how we relate as humans is essential to position status, ambitions, achievements and employment development; this Is where Human Skills come Into play. What Is the Meaning of Human Skills According to Easterlies Organizational Management Leadership, Human Skills are the managers ability to interact and work well with others, (Easterlies, Pig. 12). Managers must be able to relate with others, including their subordinates, in a way that is very clear, concise and understandable. When a manager does not understand something that is communicated to him or her in writing, verbal or non- verbal form, questions should be asked for clarity. Clarification stems for the top (Corporate-Executive Level), Middle (Management Leadership) and the Bottom (Subordinate-Blue Collar) Level. What are the Fundamentals of Human Skills The greatest asset of good leadership or management is when a person has the ability to get along with another entity regardless of the circumstances or situations. He or she should be able to Interact well with another. However, when a leader communicates with other Individuals, the statement or message should be thought upon first. Why Is this? Hastiness and outbursts are follies for negative feedbacks. By phone, and of course in person. I have heard it said that the most common word used in conversation is the word I. We speak highly of ourselves, and to our shame, e have slandered anothers reputation with our choice of speech. We literally speak thousands of idle words each day, (Articles. Com 2009). This particular saying doesnt necessary pinpoint how communication should be handled between the one sending the message and the receiver of the message, but, it does implies that one needs to be selective in his/or choice of words because what we say and how we say things can and will demean ones character to the extent that feedback may be received negatively or not at all. Therefore; managers must also have a good understanding of what is or should be communicated and how it should be incommunicado to others. To ensure that communication is clear and understandable, by both parties, for positive feedback to be warranted, these steps should be initiated: a) Make sure your non- verbal communication matches your message that is being delivered?this clearly states that one should consider their tone(s), facial expression or body movements. These elements can lead one to believe or think the opposite of what is actually being delivered. For example, a frown can mean you are angry when you are not or a nod, taken to mean k when you had the inclination to move your head. B) Remove or avoid barriers-attractions are considered things that causes interference, so, try and stay clear of noisy equipment-noise in general. A quiet surrounding would be the applicable place to hold meeting or communicate with others. This will prevent the likelihood of one having to repeat themselves because someone was unable to hear. C) Consider using powerful words and words that have specific meaning?do not use words like might or think which leaves room for unclear communication. Be specific, give an exact timeshare or date and be very confident in what is being delivered. -Know the facts. D)Ask questions when you have delivered your message?this is to ensure that everyone understands and does not leave room for negative results. If someone has problems with what was said, it doesnt hurt to reiterate and explain exactly whats unacceptable and acceptable or what is expected and what is not, (Anderson, Blobs to Communication, Copyright 2011). The Importance of Human Skills Many businesses or corporations hire peoples that are skillful in the use of computers, technical skills, training and communication but there are other concepts to interpersonal relationships between the leader and employee: a) Being a Good Listener does not apply to only the subordinates but it to the Managers as well. A company cannot operate off of the ideas of only one person; so when an employee has something to say, Management should be attentive. When a conflict or disagreement arises between two employees, both parties reasoning should be heard. When Management and an employee disagree and it cannot be resolved at their level, a Superior Staff should be notified and then both sides heard for a resolution. B) Be a Team Player: Managers and employees should be able to function as a TEAM. At church, we are taught that each auxiliary (Mother Board, Deacon Board, Ministerial Staff, Choir, Ushers, Custodial Staff, Sunday School, Bible Class) cannot function on its own, assistance is needed from all bodies. Take for instance, the human body. The hand cannot move with the help of the arm, the foot organization, get to know your employees-, their behaviors, attitudes, weakness and strengths. Be able to provide motivational techniques, encouraging words to help then accomplishment a particular task when he or she thinks the odds are against them. Do not say what you will or will not do to your employees. Lead by example, for positive, productive and nourishing working environment. C) When a group of individuals work together on a day-to-day basis, eight or more hours a day, confusion and disagreement is will show its ugly head sooner or later. This is where being a Good Listener manifest itself (subtopic A). Do not show favoritism or partiality. No two individuals are the same and therefore, he or she should not be treated as such. The Manager should be fair, firm, flexible, yet attentive, in all matters. In Psalms 73, ASAP trusts God, yet he is somewhat disturbed about life (world) being unfair. God is fair and always will be. Yet, in society, situation occurs when the sinful man profits and it seems at naught for the Christian, (Relevant Bible Teaching. Com). But, God tells us that it rains on the Just as well as the unjust-here God in showing no partiality. The world in His and the fullness thereof and be blesses whom He may. Being carnal minded and looking at how the wicked is fairing can cause a stumbling block, if not rooted in the word of God. It may make one wonder, Can I do the same as him or her and reap the benefits. Yes, you may but there is a price for disobedience. One may think he or she has gotten away but in Hebrews 9:27 and Romans 2:6, it is stated that God will render the Just reward for all deeds done in this body, whether good or bad. In this world, we pay a penalty, if caught and when one dies there is a Judgment that me must meet with God alone. So, it behooves, us as Christian and even those who knows, to be fair or impartial, whether in business or personal experiences, (Relevant Bible Teaching. Com). Human communication skills are a broad field. There are many dos and dont to consider. Interpersonal skills, how you communicate with others, is a key to success. As a manager, you just be aware and knowledgeable of your shortcoming in communication. If you have weakness, it will not hurt to practice with a colleague to provide pointers or gesture on the areas that need improvements. It is also beneficial to watch others that delivery good, effective communication. You can learn by incorporating some of their techniques in your presentation; but, always remember that you can only be you and not anyone else. Be yourself, and works on what motivates you and your subordinates. If you have problems with what you should reflect upon or say, make notes and study what you write-this will help prevent a loss for words. All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness, 17 that the man of God[a] may be complete, equipped for every good work, (The Holy Bible, 2 Timothy 3:16). The Bible states that we are to study the scriptures for ourselves and get a clear understanding so that we cannot be lured into the wrong direction or presented misleading advice. It will correct us and convict us. So, for a manager to decisively notate their weaknesses; it will help him or her to make corrections and be better prepared in the works of communications. Commitment is a requirement to be an effective communicator when interacting with others. A manager or leader must be committed and time has to be employed communicate with others, verbally or non-verbally; yet, it stills requires putting forth effort. Just as a singer is gifted with the talent of signing, it is necessary to invest time in training to further develop his or her vocals and to keep the current vocal capacities active. Peoples change Just as trends, so managers need to know their employees, what makes them a self-starter, what agitates them. As an effective manager, one must not speak in double meaning; say one thing ND their actions state another. Managers but be honest and truthful in expressing himself or herself and look for the well-being of their subordinates. When an employee has determined that the management, under which they are assigned, is ethical is the employer-employee relationship, morale will increase in the workplace because a bond of loyalty, (the willingness to remain faithful to the interest of others and concern for followers), (Easterlies, Pig. 8) and trust,(the willingness of a party to be vulnerable to the actions of another party based on the expectation that the other ill perform a particular action important to the trust or, irrespective of the ability to monitor or control that other part as a positive expectation that another will not act opportunistically) (Easterlies, Pig. ) has developed. It also motivates the employees to perform at their best level of achievements and standards. In this relationship, the manager is direct the employees in a positive way. In-service training will be provided when deemed necessary and when problems occur on and off the boundaries of the worksheet, the manager should still possess a positive attitude and rye to provide any ways of assistance or referral to help resolve the situation. The achievement of a business or organization depends upon management and the employees. Good leadership leads to good employees when all negative facets are cast or removed from within the relationship. Employees respect sound Judgments and support from their employers. A leader or manger that show a lack of respect for other positions, causes division among employees, shows a lack of interest for others concerns or problems and will not support or stand behind what he or she communicated, will not be respected by employees nor will employees work at their least potential. The working environment will not be friendly and compassionate. Friction develops and soon hostility and resentment will surface also. Managers must deter all unethical practices or choices. Employees must not be allowed to take down on other employees. Employees cannot be made to like another individual but they must show respect to one another in the workplace. Employees should not be allowed to leave a task unfinished, when time has permitted, for another employee to complete. Employees should not be permitted to disrespect others by using name calling, using derogatory comments or profanity. Managers should follow the same attributes. In the workplace, when managers and employees are on one accord, unity will abound. Rules and regulations will be adhered too and following the managers specified lines of communication will be understandable and honored. However, in supervision of subordinates, both parties must realize that there are barriers that cannot be crossed or broken. Managers have specific tasks and functions to carry out differently from those of employees; and employees have specific tasks and functions to carry out differently from those of their leaders or managers. When this is understood by both, the employee and employer, it helps to establish a good communicate. It should then be evident that the leader or manager is only as strong, efficient and productive as the employees. The manager needs the support of the followers as well as the followers need the support of their leader or manager. A manager left to make all the decisions or ideas without input from others will create confusion. The confusion comes when there is no outside input because the manager will see whats only best for him or her, not realizing that others ideas plays n important part in establishing a business and epitomizing an emerging workforce.

Sexy

Sexy Sexy Sexy By Maeve Maddox The adjective sexy is a US coinage. According to OnlineEtymologyDictionary, it was first used in 1923 to describe smoldering silent screen star Rudolf Valentino. Sexy to describe the sexual attractiveness of individuals and the sexual aspect or content of things is still probably the most common use of the word: George Clooney Voted Sexiest Man Alive (Again) Joan Crawford proves that you can be a powerful and sexy screen presence even after the age of forty. Out of Sight has been voted the sexiest film of all time in a poll of industry insiders for an American magazine. Can minors go to video stores and buy or rent sexy, violent movies without parental consent? Nowadays, however, sexy is used to describe things that have nothing to do with sexual attraction or content: The 101 sexiest cars of all time Houses with the world’s sexiest garages Homelessness is not a sexy cause unless it’s around Thanksgiving. Not too many mayors  find it very  sexy  to stand next to a fixed sewer or repaired bridge. Childcare and children’s services, in the general public’s view, is not sexy; it is not at the top of people’s agenda. Somewhere in the 1950s, sexy acquired the meaning â€Å"appealing, liable to excite interest, not boring.† The word is especially popular in the marketing industry: How to Make Your Product Look Sexy on Facebook Build a strong foundation for your marketing – now that’s sexy. A retail experience needs to be dynamic, energetic, [and] sexy. The most successful company is the one with the sexy logo, the sexy ads, the sexy products, and the sexy packaging. Considering that the purpose of advertising is to cause consumers to lust after products, I suppose that the extended meaning is not much of a stretch. Just as I felt confident to say that sexy in these contexts is simply a synonym for â€Å"not boring,† I came across a marketing site with the headline â€Å"Sexy Doesn’t Mean ‘Not Boring.’ † According to this site, â€Å"Helpful is the new sexy.† Marketers will continue to use sexy as shorthand for attention-getting, but for me, sexy seems more suitable as an adjective for beautiful people like Antonio Banderas or Cote de Pablo than for an insurance blog. When it comes to describing the appeal of advertising and merchandise, writers may want to explore other words that convey the idea of appealing to human craving and covetousness. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:16 Substitutes for â€Å"Because† or â€Å"Because Of†Comma Before ButShore It Up

Women in abusive relationships Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Women in abusive relationships - Research Paper Example Abuse in relationships is of varied forms like, sexual assault, physical violence as well as emotional torment. However, there have been intense debates as to why abusive relationships still exist and why others find it hard to give up on their abusive partners. In many instances, studies show women find it hard to put off abusive relationships where they find themselves as victims (Bracken, 2008). Therefore, they make hard decisions to persevere and suffer in silence. The latter has adverse effects to women who find themselves as victims as well as people around her. For instance, her concentration at work is lost and at times, her children may suffer from the emotional setbacks due to their mother. However, women usually have diverse ways of reacting to abusive relationships (Evans, 2010). Among them include various factors which they safeguard if they choose to be out of those relationships like children or desperation (Stark, 2007). However, interventions of such organizations an d programs have not been enough to curb the menace because the statistics are still high. The main question that comes from these results is what is the main solution to curb the vice? Thesis: Various factors lead to intimate partner violence in the world where the female gender usually comprise majority of the victims in those relationships despite preferring to stay in them for varied reasons. As various institutions, programs and organizations to fight the menace continue to increase, the number of women in abusive relationships is significantly quite evident. Hence, prompting the unlikely question that pops up concerning why women involve themselves in abusive relationships (Hatcher, 2013). One would ask what attracts women to relationships where they experience assault. In many circumstances, women find themselves at the receiving end of an abusive spouse mainly because they lack proper financial support on their part. In most cases, women think usually thing of good lifestyle, which they will enjoy and how they stand to benefit from the marriage (Hatcher, 2013). Because of the latter idea, they involve themselves into abusive marriages blindly not knowing of potential repercussions of their actions. Additionally, researchers cite that a spouse who have become victims or witnessed abuse in their family origin, in many instances learn from the menace and become violent to their spouses.(Stark, 2007). However, the theory is also not widely supported because it does not explain how victims of child abuse or partner violence amongst parent end up being violent against their spouses in future. Research done in various countries indicate that there is a persistent increased risk of intimate partner violence among women who have been on the receiving end of child abuse or witnessed abusive relationships among their parents. Scientists explain the latter through PTSD symptoms, which encompasses of childhood trauma (Evans, 2010). Childhood trauma often occurs in t he wake of an abusive relationship and often combined with depression, which may make it more difficult to escape from an abusive relationship once it occurs (Bracken, 2008). Scientists also show that PTSD or depression may lead to decrease in the ability for someone to recognize and respond to signals of danger. The mental distortion in most cases puts these women at risk of future victimization thus decreasing their chances of escaping after being with an abusive partner. This implies women who are victims of childhood trauma may not only be targets of partner abuse by spouses but also tend to be more likely to

Africans in the Colonial Period & The Revolutionary Era Essay

Africans in the Colonial Period & The Revolutionary Era - Essay Example The Atlantic Slave Trade is defined as the selling of slaves that occurred within the countries located around the Atlantic Ocean. This was initiated by the people from Portugal and lasted for almost four hundred years. The slaves that were sold originated from Africa’s eastern and central part. These people from Africa was kidnapped and raided against the law. The slaves that were from Africa were estimated to be around ten to thirteen million throughout the time the Atlantic Slave Trade was happening. Since there was a large number of Africans being transported to the New World, most of the Africans label this as Maafa which also meant holocaust. The economic cycle which was comprised of Triangular Trade and Middle Passage also included the slaves. (Klein 103) Depending on which colony slaves lived in, the way they were treated and the work they performed varied. Slaves in southern colonies typically worked under harsh conditions, while slaves in the middle and New England colonies were fewer, had more freedom, and were treated more humanely. The New England Slave Trade was considered a success for it paved the way for the establishment of New England’s economic structure.

ECONOMIC INDICATORS SLP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

ECONOMIC INDICATORS SLP - Essay Example Frictional unemployment takes place when workers change or switch between different jobs. For example, change of job for better career prospects, change of interest in domain, transfer to different location of current job etc. Cyclical or seasonal unemployment means the workers remain employed only during specific seasons and unemployed for the rest of the year. It is inversely proportionate to the GDP rate. If the GDP rate decreases, then there will be an increase in the rate of unemployment. For instance, the outsourcing work during tax filing due dates alone shows cyclical unemployment. As per Bureau of Labor Statistics, the standard rate of unemployment is fixed as 6%. However, it increased to 7.7 % on Feb 2013, which is not a good sign for the US economy. In my perspective, frictional unemployment will affect my firm as it can happen unexpectedly on the interest of the experienced worker. This sudden change will affect the production and quality of work done by the newly hired u ntrained workers. 2. Think about other employment issues such as outsourcing. Do you think your firm would benefit from outsourcing? If you chose a firm in which outsourcing is not feasible, you can still discuss the advantages (or disadvantages) of outsourcing. The common employment issues such as low paying and short term jobs, unemployment due to outsourcing for cheap labor, high federal tax and less allowance etc are mostly related to GDP. Apart from the employment issues, outsourcing will definitely benefit the firm in its growth and cost effectiveness. The other advantages of outsourcing are concentration by managers only on principal activities of business, reduction in fixed and variable costs of firm, forming a new pool of required skilled personnel, a better control in work and staff, solving difficult tasks with less cost, temporary job allocation without statutory benefits, less scare about the labor turnover ratio in a firm, improvement in talents of internal staff etc. If the disadvantages of outsourcing overlook the advantages, then there is risk in outsourcing work. The disadvantages might include the risk in quality of work done by the back office, fear of privacy and confidentiality of business, poor control over back office due to indirect management, no par with the turnaround time etc which affect the society as a whole in monetary terms etc. According to Olga Kharif, the demerit of outsourcing is mainly in terms of pressure from â€Å"lower-cost competitors† (USC's Center for Management Communication, 2006). Kharif further expresses that â€Å"US companies like the instant gratification of savings on wages. But as the real costs of IT outsourcing become apparent over time, many companies may come to realize that it is no panacea† (USC's Center for Management Communication). 3. If a U.S. firm hires foreign workers abroad, would these wages count in the U.S. GDP? (i.e. an Indian citizen working in a call center for Microsoft i n India) Why or why not? The wages of foreign workers who are hired by a US firm are included in the US GDP. This is due to the fact that GDP is calculated by including earnings of foreign firms and residents in the United States as well as after excluding incomes earned abroad by US firms and residents. The international companies like Microsoft have no other option like hiring foreign workers wherever talents are required because the maximum GDP of US arise out of

Marketing Strategy Of Titan Watches

Marketing Strategy Of Titan Watches Today, a wristwatch is considered as much of a status symbol as a device to tell time. The watches and jewellery has not been immune to the economic climate and the whole industry suffered in late 2008 and in 2009 as consumer confidence fell and people became more cautious about their spending. The overall jewellery and watches market grew by 10% since 2005 to reach  £4.8 billion in 2010 and Mintel forecasts 11% growth for the jewellery and watches market over next five years. 2011 is also going to be the year to invest in mens jewellery. Stephen Webster presented a strong case for mens jewellery at IJL in September 2010, and assuming male customer only want watches and the odd signet or chain could lead to missing out on a potential wealth of customer. Its not that male customers dont want it: they just dont know they want it. Men arent like women and theyre not used to thinking about what to wear, explain Webster. But once a man is bejewelled, theres no looking back. They also dont wait for special occasions like woman do, and they can go from zero to jewellery enthusiast in no time. Market research company Mintels September 2010 report Watches and Jewellery Retailing UK found that 20% of male respondent said they like receiving jewellery as a gift, and 12% said that they had purchased all of their own jewellery. So the market is clearly there to be exploited. http://www.retail-jeweller.com/trends/in-with-the-new-2011-trends/5020089.article Rocketing gold prices and recession have led many consumers to buy silver jewellery instead of gold, with almost one in five people wearing more silver jewellery than gold, rising to nearly three in ten women; particularly young people aged 15 24. The affordability and disposability of many costume jewellery items means that customers are more willing to experiment and try new looks without denting their bank balances Young men aged under- 35 are more open to paying higher amounts for a watch as they typically do not wear jewellery to express their individuality or consumer spending power. Some 86% of consumers wear a watch, but nearly 40% only a new one when their old one is broken. Converging the watchs main function with health benefits would be one way of helping create new reasons for purchase. http://oxygen.mintel.com/sinatra/oxygen/display/id=479809 Executive Summary: https://www.keynote.co.uk/market-intelligence/view/product/10331/chapter/0 Many Brands and companies are constantly reinvigorating their businesses and positioning them for growth. There is a constant need to innovate, reinvigorate, update, recalibrate, or just simply fend off the competition in an effort to better explain ,why buy me. In the market for the brand and product offerings is created by positioning. It reaches a certain type of consumers and delivers benefits that meet the needs of several key target groups and users. Actual Approach of a company or brands positioning in the marketplace depends on how it communicates the benefits and product attributes to consumers and users. As a result positioning of a company and/or product seeks to further distance itself from competitors based on a host of items, but most notably on five key issues: Price, Quality, Product Attributes, Distribution, and Usage Occasions. In recent times, consumerism has undergone a sea change. Consumers today are well informed about the products, as compared to earlier times. Hence, the market has become customer centric. Recognizing the importance of the customer is business structure; companies have started effecting brand repositioning exercise on regular basis. In the recent times, a major brand repositioning exercise has been planned by Titian Industries Ltd in order to provide more to its customers. The company has its new position. This study will help to understand the revived positioning strategies of TITAN watches. An analysis of repositioning strategies of Titan also forms of the study. Firstly it is important to understand the overall wrist watch industry in UK. Secondly to study the brand positioning and re-positioning strategy of Titan wrist watches and to find out whether the loyal consumers of TITAN watches aware of the new positioning strategies of the company and how they perceive them. To study primary and secondary data have been used. Analysis UK wrist watch industry and brand repositioning strategies of TITAN Company has been analysed and completed on the basis of secondary data. Internet, journals, books and magazines have been used for this purpose. Project comprises conducting a questionnaire survey. (function() { var scribd = document.createElement("script"); scribd.type = "text/javascript"; scribd.async = true; scribd.src = "https://www.scribd.com/javascripts/embed_code/inject.js"; var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(scribd, s); })() Introduction: 1.1 Theory and concepts: A business has two and only two basic functions: marketing and innovation Peter Drucker To maintain business relevance and market position, it is important to continuously innovate and invent brand image in the market to pace with change and intense competitive pressure in the marketplace. In this context, brand repositioning and other revitalization strategies have become a business imperative for battling brand erosion. The appeal of brand repositioning is further heightened by the rising costs and high risk associated with launching a new brand. Increase in the cost and high risk related with launching a new brand that is a part of brand reposition.Brand reposition has received very importance in the marketing literature and mostly been treated as a variation of brand positioning. Reposition can be required as the market changes and new opportunities occur. In order to reach the customer which was never targeted at first can also be targeted with brand reposition. In order to change its image in the market it is important to focus towards brand repositioning, although it is one of the toughest and hardest actions in marketing to reposition a familiar brand. According to Solomon, position strategy is an essential part in the marketing efforts because companies have to use the elements in the marketing mix to influence the customers understanding the position. There has to be several choices to be, so to as to be in more attractive and relevant position. It is important for the person who is reposition for the reposition to know and understand why reposition is necessary and its need, and if the offer is the one that will change or just the brand name. While repositioning it is important to undertake and understand all the risk factors that is likely to affect it in the market. A company risks its credibility and reliability more while repositioning its brand in the market and the need for a thorough strategy is very important to avoid any occurrence. Some analyst argues that to successfully reposition a established brand name is almost impossible because repositioning of a brand can make the most loyal customer to switch brand. If the brand is eroded then brand reposition becomes important. Numerous attempts to reposition brand in the market may fail which is testified by many company for example while soft drink has successfully been able to connect with the youth though they exist for 40 years in the market but at the same Levis, jeans has been losing its market share to newcomers such as The Gap despite numerous campaigns designed to reposition the brand trend. 1.2 Literature Review: The reposition strategy is defined into three stages that is: Introductory Elaboration Fortification This involves the introduction of a new or a repositioned brand, seeking underline the brands value over others, and to broaden the brand position. It is truly hard to change the customers perceived attitude towards a brand, and therefore the risk is great that the attempt to repositioning might fail. After rolling out the strategy, it is time to modify the proposition through update of the personality and through repositioning. There pros and cons with both of this segments and it is great significance that they are truly calculate when deciding the next step in the process. To understand it more deeply http://htmlimg4.scribdassets.com/55f3acalz4nfgla/images/10-81b5e3fa9c/000.jpg Figure 1: Stages in brand strategy development. When a company modifies or change something that is already there in the market established in the mind of the customer that is called as repositioning. Different profession and individuals have different meaning and understanding towards Repositioning. There are few different definitions and greater understanding about this concept: Repositioning is a change, principally about triggering the vision, mission and value in a new direction that is more suited f or the brand in the future- Brand manager consultant. Principally, reposition concerns changing the consumers perception of the brand PR consultant. Repositioning is built upon the change of unique and differentiated associations with the brand in some kind of direction; it is about having a balance between the category party and differentiation when using reposition strategies (Leading Brand strategies) From these definitions, it is obvious that reposition is about moving something to more attractive and relevant position. Reposition direction is often decided as to what a company wants to achieve. There is also a visible relation between price and quantity aspects. When a company perceives the market as a demand curve, the purpose is to down stretch or upward curve. When moving up and there is a need for reaching the premium segment and expand up wards. Figure: The principle of reposition. When striving towards a new position in the market, it is important to understand those consumers are limited. Peoples minds select what to remember and it is important to convince the consumers with greater arguments. The market always strive for change which is rapid and therefore repositioning can be necessary to meet these demands, newer and stronger arguments have to be established to convinced them to stay as loyal customers. As repositioning is a very complicated matter and therefore there are no detailed theories or models. Aim for repositioning is different for different person, and the only connection between all the different theories is that repositioning is moving something from somewhere towards a greater position at the market. Corstjens and Doyle (1989) identified three types of repositioning strategies: Zero repositioning, which is not a repositioning at all since the firm maintains its initial strategy in the face of a changing environment. Gradual repositioning, where the firm performs incremental, continuous adjustments to its positioning strategy to reflect the evolution of its environment; and Radical repositioning that corresponds to a discontinuous shift towards a new target market and /or a new competitive advantage. After learning the repositioning of several brands from the UK market, the following 8 types of repositioning have been identified. These are: Increasing relevance to the consumer Increasing occasions for use Making the brand serious Falling sales Bringing in new customers Making the rand contemporary Differentiate from other brands Changed market conditions A four phased brand repositioning approach can be followed to achieve the intended benfits- Phase I. Determining the current status of the brand Phase II. What does the brand stand for today? Phase III. Developing the brand positioning platforms Phase IV. Refining the brand Positioning and Management Presentation The advantages that can be derived from brand repositioning exercises can be summarized as: Value over others Updated personality Relevant position The risks associated with such strategies are: Loss of focus Neglecting original customers Losing credibility for the brand Confusing the brand Therefore, brand repositioning is more difficult than initially positioning a brand because one must first help the customer UNLEARN the current brand positioning This can be done by: Carefully crafted communication New products, packaging Associations with other brands ( co- branding, co- marketing, ingredient branding, strategic alliances, etc) that reinforce the new brand positioning. This exercise is so critical to an organizations success that the organizations and its marketing/brand management leader should develop it, preferably with the help and facilitation of an outside brand positioning expert. Research Methodology: 2.1 Objectives To study the current scenario of UK wrist watch industry. To review the brand positioning strategies of different sub-brands of watches. To analyze the brand repositioning strategies of watches. To study consumer awareness and perception about the brand repositioning strategies of watches. This study will help to understand the gap in its communication strategy regarding brand repositioning exercises and the further measures to be taken for effective marketing communications. 2.2 Limitations: The study is confined to London area only There is possibility of sampling errors in the study The responses of the consumers may not be genuine Questionnaire may not be comprehensive 2.3 Sources of Data Collection: The relevant data was collected from both primary sources and secondary sources. The starting point of my information gathering has been the secondary sources such as internet, books, and journals and so on. Firstly, brand positioning and repositioning strategies of Titan, secondary sources such as internet, insurance magazines, and journals and so on. Then I conducted a consumer awareness survey on brand repositioning strategies undertaken by Titan watches in recent times. 2.4 Sampling: To conduct sampling of 50 loyal consumers of Titan and in the age group of 20 30 years for this study. Since Titan has taken up brand repositioning strategies since January 2011, consumers who have seen the previous and new campaigns have been targeted. 2.5 Primary data: Data was collected through an interview schedule, consisting of both open ended and closed ended questions. It consisted of the parameters like reasons consumers brand preference, recollection of earlier tagline and advertisement, brand ambassador of Titan awareness of new tagline and campaign featuring sportsmen and actors from International body and so on. The data was collected through e-mails, telephone contacts and one to one personal interviews. Industry Overview UK Watch industry: Market report examines the UK jewellery and watches market, total sales of jewellery and watches in the UK fluctuated between 2004 and 2008, and fell by 2.8% in the latter year to finish the review period at  £4.33 billion. The declining sales in 2008 can be largely attributed to the global economic downturn and UK recession, which have had a negative impact on nearly all industries. Initially, the luxury end of the market was relatively unaffected by the downturn, but by the end of 2008 and 2009, it had begun to take effect. The jewellery and Watches market has become increasingly competitive in recent years. Although the industry has always been fragmented with a wide range of suppliers and retailers, developments in online retailing have contributed to it becoming increasingly transparent for information on pricing and availability. This has been a positive trend, especially for many smaller brands that previously were not able to deal directly with consumers. Some larger retailers, as well as a few independents, have also developed transactional sites to deal with this demand. With around a third of the UK population owning a piece of precious jewellery and nearly in ten owning a watch, products have a high rate of consumer penetration. The downturn in the UK economy is unlikely to show reversal in 2009, and this will continue to affect all areas of consumer spending. It seems the concepts of a wrist watch have become that of a status symbol rather than a practical chronometer. According to a survey that suggest one in seven people in the UK has no need for watch, apart from as a fashion accessory. Gadgets such as iPods, laptops and mobile phone, represent threat to the watch industry, survey conducted by Mintel. Even in the age of iPhones, people spend huge amount of money on a quality time piece, with high-end brands such as Rolex and Tag Heuer adorning blinged up wrist of rappers, bankers and fashionistas alike. http://www.wharf.co.uk/2010/11/why-wrist-watches-are-dialling.html SWOT ANALYSIS OF THE UK WATCH INDUSTRY: Strengths: Watch industry is growing industry which faster rate As the population is rising, the watch market is also expanding Customers are not very price sensitive as far as quality watch is concerned Weakness: There is not much advertising done by watch industry No innovation in products There are few number of exclusive showrooms that reduces the consumers accessibility to the product There are few marketers, who are concentrated only upon a particular niche segment (Tag Heuer ) Opportunities: There is more need of fashionable luxury watch and fine luxury watch brands that can be targeted in UK, as customers are more like trendsetter and fashionable. UK especially London is a metropolitan city which makes it more attractive for the new company. Youth are more brand conscious than their predecessors. That leads to the expansion of the market for branded watches. Threats: There are many foreign players entering in the race Too many players will dilute the market and the profit margin. Mobile phones acting as substitutes of the watches. The Indian watch industry began in the year 1961 with the commissioning of the watch division of Titan. The first watch model manufactured by HMT was the Janata model in the year 1962. HMT was the leader in the watch market till the Tatas formed Titan watches in association with Tamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation in the year 1987. They took a major strategy decision, which later changed the face of the Indian watch market to manufacture only quartz watches. Liberalisation in 1992 and removal of quantitative restrictions due to WTO has opened the doors for many the Indian market viz. Tissot, Swatch, Omega, Rado, TAGHeuer. The import duties on watches are falling which makes the Indian market look attractive for the global majors like Casio, Swatch and Citizen. Company Profile: Overview Titan is the largest watch company in India and the sixth largest in the world. Titan manufactures over 7 million watches per annum and has a customer base over 65 million. An industry was established in 1984 as a joint venture between the Tata Group and the Tamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation. The company brought the shift in the Indian watch market, offering quartz technology with International styling, manufactured in a state-of-the art factory at Hosur, Tamil Nadu. Leveraging its understanding of different segments in the watch market, the company launched a second independent watch brand Sonata, as a value brand to those seeking buy functionally styled watches at affordable prices. In addition it focused on the youth with its third brand fastrack. In two decades the company has built an impressive watch business to become Indias largest manufacturer and the worlds sixth manufacturer of watches. This has mainly been achieved by developing a formidable distribution network. The company has amongst the worlds largest retail chain of exclusive retail showrooms for watches called The world of Titan spread over 100 towns. It also has multi brand outlets named Time Zone, service centers and dealer outlets. Globally Titan has a presence in over 30 countries through its marketing subsidiaries. The company has watch assembly plants at Dehradun (UP) and Baddi ( Himachal Pradesh) and a plant manufacturing electronic circuit boards in Goa. The majority stake in the company is held by the promoters, with Tidco having 28 percent of the shares and Tata Group companies owning 25 percent of the shares. Public holding in the company is around 28 per cent. The rest of the stake is held by foreign institutions, non resident Indians, mutual funds and other institutions. It has also premium fashion watches by acquiring a license for global brands such as Tommy Hilfiger and Hugo Boss, while. It has also in its portfolio its first Swiss Made watch brand Xylys. 1995, the company diversified into jewellery under the brand Tanishq to capitalize on fragmented market operating with no brands in urban cities. In 2005, the launched its second Jewellery brand, GoldPlus, for capitalizing on the opportunity in small towns and rural India. The company has now diversified into fashion Eyewear by launching Fastrack Eye-Gear sunglasses, as well as Prescription Eyewear. TITAN WATCHES: BRAND POSITIONING STRATEGIES Overall strategies: Since its introduction, Titan has been positioned as a premium brand, providing high quality products. Titan is struggling to have a strong brand image in UK market due to its numerous sub-brands that caters to different segments in India. It follows different positioning strategies; these strategies can also be analyzed as given below: Attribute Positioning: When the company launched its products, it was the first to bring quartz watches to Indian market. The company successfully leveraged this to penetrate the market. Raga, Classique and Regalia come under this strategy. Classique positioned as elegant corporate wear that leaves a quiet, but definite impression and fusion of function and sophistication. Regalia ranger represents the elegant-wear. Raga has been differentiate and positioned as exclusive watch. The Raga and Silver Raga collection is elegant, delicate and feminine with each piece truly unique. User Positioning: Titan caters to several user groups children (the Dash), sportspersons and adventurers. The fastrack range is seen as being contemporary, reliable and sturdy. The advertising, packaging and merchandising of this range is young, cool and vibrant. Benefit Positioning: Titan seeks to differentiate its offering on the basis of superior style and attractiveness which is offered by fastrack Digital range. Competitors Positioning: With the entry of several foreign watchmakers into the market, Titan had to encounter the threat. Most the entrants are catering to the upper end of the market Omega, Cartier etc. Quality or Price Positioning: In the overseas market, especially in Europe where it is competing with Swiss and Japanese watches, it is positioning itself as value-for-money (less than Swiss watches and higher than Japanese), attractively styled and of good quality. TITAN WATCHES: BRAND RE-POSITIONING STRATEGIES FOR GLOBALISATION Titan has managed to get fair market in Middle East and Africa but its failure in Europe was a downturn for the Company as the return was not as good as investment made for the expansion. Titan has decided to revamp its flagship watch brand in Europe mainly in UK. Titan wants to reposition it more youthful and relevant to the changing times. Titan has entered the International markets in 1989 through the export of watch movements. Titans first global footprint was placed in the UAE the largest market in the Middle East then it moved towards Egypt, Oman, Saudi Arabia and few markets in Africa. Though it faced strong competition, it reached the sales of 100,000 watches within a year of its launch. It started to move globally and moves towards Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Maldives and Nepal. After its extensive survey, it concluded that it needs good reason to stock the brand. Titan needs to re-position its brand image in the UK market. And so Titan decided to against soft option of driving its globalization through private label exports. It would launch its product under its own brand with market positioning Therefore Titan found a massive advertising campaign to create brand awareness. It also participated in the fair which showcases the worlds biggest watch brand in the world. http://www.moodiereport.com/images/luxury_watch_tables_jan10_04.jpg http://www.moodiereport.com/images/luxury_watch_tables_jan10_05.jpg CONCLUSION: The suggestions to improve consumer awareness about brand repositioning strategy of Titan are as follows: To increase its visibility, Titan Company can sponsor events similar to fashion shows which all latest designs launched are displayed. This is important as it has a great effect on different segments of the customers in different ways. It is important to have Tie up with radio channels and television to broadcast and telecast its advertisement about various sales promotion from time to time. RD needs more investment as customer expectations are changing rapidly. It should focus more on introducing more varieties and luxury items in the market at regular interval. Introduce exclusive collection for working women which is more contemporary and complements any fashion styles. Tie up with international watch brands to make the product stronger in the market. To use internet to spread awareness among consumer about the brand. (function() { var scribd = document.createElement("script"); scribd.type = "text/javascript"; scribd.async = true; scribd.src = "https://www.scribd.com/javascripts/embed_code/inject.js"; var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(scribd, s); })()